Effect of Toxic Baits on Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract

An alternative to population suppression of South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the use of toxic baits. This study evaluated in laboratory the ingestion effects of toxic bait formulations on adults of A. fraterculus and the rainfall effects on toxic baits persistence. The formulations tested were: a) ANAMED (SPLAT 40.00% + proprietary lure 24.20% + spinosad 0,1%) b) Success* 0.02 CB - (lure + spinosad 0.02%) c) hydrolyzed protein (Biofruit 3%) + Malathion 1000 CE (0.15%) and d) Control - distilled water. The mortality of the formulations containing spinosad (ANAMED and Success* 0.02 CB) was equivalent to Biofruit + malathion 16 hours after treatment (HAT). In the absence of rain, the three formulations were effective (mortality higher than 90%) until 21 days after treatment (DAT). ANAMED and Success* 0.02 CB formulations provided higher mortality (60.0 and 64.0%, respectively) 28 DAT. On rainfall tests (20 and 50 mm) ANAMED showed 69.2 and 41.0% mortality, respectively, differing form the other formulations. The toxic bait Biofruit + Malathion presented the lowest value of LT (lethal time) 50 with 8.71 hours, followed by ANAMED and Success* 0.02 CB with 11.78 and 12.61 hours, respectively. Success* 0,02 CB® and ANAMED® + spinosad showed high efficacy on A. fraterculus adults in rainless conditions. Regarding the rainfall tests, ANAMED is more effective than Success* 0.02 CB and Biofruit + Malathion formulations.